{"id":2792,"date":"2023-11-25T13:47:49","date_gmt":"2023-11-25T05:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/?p=2792"},"modified":"2023-11-25T14:24:56","modified_gmt":"2023-11-25T06:24:56","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%83%e7%ab%a0-%e5%be%9e%e6%ae%89%e9%81%93%e5%88%b0%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%ef%bc%8f%e9%99%b3%e9%8c%a6%e4%bb%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/%e8%81%96%e7%b6%93%e6%9f%a5%e7%b6%93%e8%a7%a3%e7%b6%93\/%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%83%e7%ab%a0-%e5%be%9e%e6%ae%89%e9%81%93%e5%88%b0%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%ef%bc%8f%e9%99%b3%e9%8c%a6%e4%bb%95\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0 \u5f9e\u6b89\u9053\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0f\u9673\u9326\u4ed5"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a>\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0 \u5f9e\u6b89\u9053\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u6559<\/h1>\n

\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6559\u6703\u55ce\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u986f\u793a\u6559\u6703\u5728\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u5ef6\u7e8c\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u4e1f\u683c\u90a3\u59a5\uff08Diognetus\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5beb\u65bc\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5011\u50c5\u50cf\u5ba2\u65c5\u4e00\u6a23\u4f4f\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u51e1\u7269\u90fd\u8207\u5225\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u50cf\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u5fcd\u53d7\u82e6\u96e3\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u7570\u90a6\u5730\u571f\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u9109\uff1b\u800c\u81ea\u5bb6\u7684\u5bb6\u9109\u5f77\u5f7f\u662f\u7570\u90a6\u4ed6\u9109\u3002\u50cf\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7d50\u5a5a\u751f\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u6b98\u5bb3\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u9910\u684c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u5f35\u5e8a\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u6d3b\u5728\u8089\u9ad4\u88e1\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u9806\u8457\u8089\u9ad4\u6d3b\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u5ea6\u65e5\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u662f\u5929\u5802\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u9075\u5b88\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u751f\u547d\u53c8\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u5f8b\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u611b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u88ab\u5927\u5bb6\u903c\u8feb\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u88ab\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u5b9a\u7f6a\u3001\u8655\u6b7b\u53c8\u6062\u5fa9\u751f\u547d\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8ca7\u7aae\uff0c\u537b\u4f7f\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u5bcc\u8db3\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u6709\uff0c \u537b\u8c50\u8c50\u5bcc\u5bcc\u3002\uff08Mathetes,\u2018Epistle to Diognetus\u2019,Chapter V, in Schaff, Philip, ANF01. The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus, http:\/\/www.ccel.org\/ccell\/schaff\/anf0l.iii. ii.v.html\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u5011\u4ecd\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u6fc0\u52f5\u7684\u3001\u8207\u773e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u6d3b\u8457\u3002\u8056\u9748\u7684\u540c\u5728\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u614b\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u300c\u8d85\u8d8a\u300d\u7576\u6642\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u570b\u5ea6\u7684\u5b50\u6c11\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6c92\u6709\u963b\u6b62\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u7a4d\u6975\u6295\u5165\u5230\u5468\u570d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u3002\u8ddf\u96a8\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u8173\u6b65\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u662f\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u5f85\u7269\u8cea\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6839\u690d\u65bc\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u5718\u7d50\u3001\u79a7\u5e74\u6177\u6168\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u300c\u4ed6\u5011\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u9910\u684c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u5f35\u5e8a\u300d\u3002\u7279\u571f\u826f\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6642\u671f\u4e5f\u5beb\u5230\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u300c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e00\u610f\uff0c\u5c0d\u5206\u4eab\u8ca1\u7522\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7336\u8c6b\u3002\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7576\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u5973\u4eba\uff08\u5373\u59bb\u5b50\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u51e1\u7269\u90fd\u516c\u7528\u3002\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u9130\u5c45\u9593\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u5168\u662f\u56e0\u8457\u8056\u6f54\u800c\u975e\u8caa\u5a6a\u7684\u7de3\u6545\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u8ca1\u7522\u5171\u6709<\/h2>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u88ab\u8056\u9748\u91cb\u653e\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5927\u65b9\u5730\u8d08\u8207\u6216\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u8ca1\u7522\uff0c\u70ba\u7684\u662f\u4f9b\u7d66\u80a2\u9ad4\u4e2d\u66f4\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u5b64\u5152\u3001\u5be1\u5a66\u3001\u5728\u7344\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u5149\u6709\u4ec0\u4e00\u5949\u737b\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\uff0c\u820a\u7d04\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002\u8056\u9748\u7684\u5230\u4f86\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86\u79a7\u5e74\u6177\u6168\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u300c\u69ae\u8000\u300d\u7684\u52d5\u529b\uff08\u53c3\u8003\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u5f8c\u66f83\uff1a7-11\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u7531\u611b\u800c\u767c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u53d7\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5f8b\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4ec0\u4e00\u5949\u737b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e3b\u9084\u8aaa\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u6211\u5011\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8207\u7aae\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u7942\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u55ae\u8981\u611b\u9130\u820d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u611b\u4ec7\u6575\uff1b\u4e0d\u55ae\u628a\u8ca1\u7522\u8d08\u9001\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u596a\u8d70\u6211\u5011\u8ca1\u7522\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f5c\u500b\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5949\u737b\u8005\u3002\uff08Irenaeus, circa AD 200, Against Heresies IV, xiv.3\uff09<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e9b\u5230\u6559\u6703\u4f86\u7684\u4eba\u5e36\u8457\u9322\u548c\u7269\u2014\u6cb9\u3001\u4e73\u916a\u3001\u6a44\u6b16\u3001\u9eb5\u5305\u548c\u8461\u8404\u9152\u2014\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5949\u737b\u3002\u7aae\u4eba\u5c31\u5e36\u4f86\u6c34\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u7a00\u91cb\u9152\u3002\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u8863\u670d\u548c\u978b\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u5165\u53e3\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u57f7\u4e8b\u767c\u7d66\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e9b\u56e0\u5404\u7a2e\u539f\u56e0\u6c92\u6709\u53c3\u52a0\u805a\u6703\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8981\u8a18\u5f97\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5169\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u79a7\u5e74\u7684\u6177\u6168\u548c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5be6\u884c\u8ca1\u7522\u5171\u6709\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u5168\u9ad4\u6559\u6703\u90fd\u5728\u6559\u5c0e\u4e26\u64cd\u7df4\u8ca1\u7269\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51e1\u7269\u516c\u7528\uff0c\u5bcc\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8caa\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u904e\u8457\u5962\u4f88\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u800c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\u3002\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5962\u83ef\u8b8a\u6210\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u6b61\u6a02\uff0c\u8c48\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u69ae\u8000\u55ce\uff1f\u5c07\u9322\u82b1\u5728\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u800c\u975e\u73e0\u5bf6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8c48\u4e0d\u66f4\u660e\u667a\u559d\uff1f\uff08Clement of Alexandria, Circa A.D.200, Instruction II, xiii.20.6\uff09<\/p>\n

\u8b93\u5f37\u58ef\u7684\u7167\u9858\u8edf\u5f31\u7684\uff0c\u8edf\u5f31\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u5f37\u58ef\u7684\u3002\u8b93\u5bcc\u8db3\u7684\u670d\u4e8b\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\uff0c\u8b93\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u5411\u795e\u611f\u6069\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u85c9\u8457\u4ed6\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5f97\u6eff\u8db3\u3002\uff08Clement of Rome, Circa AD 100, 38:2\uff09<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u5949\u737b\uff08\u653e\u5728\u6559\u6703\u8ca1\u52d9\u5167\u7684\uff09\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u8654\u8aa0\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u5949\u737b\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u82b1\u5728\u9152\u6703\u3001\u7b75\u5e2d\u548c\u665a\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7167\u9867\u548c\u4f9b\u7d66\u7aae\u4eba\u3001\u5931\u53bb\u8ca1\u7522\u548c\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u5b69\u7ae5\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8001\u4eba\u3001\u6c89\u8239\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u8457\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7de3\u6545\u5728\u7926\u5c71\u4e0a\u3001\u5728\u5b64\u5cf6\u4e0a\u548c\u5728\u76e3\u7344\u88e1\u7684\u4eba\u2014\u56e0\u8457\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u90a3\u88e1\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7262\u623f\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u611b\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u5728\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u4e0a\u70d9\u4e0b\u4e86\u5370\u8a18\uff0c\u5225\u4eba\u770b\u898b\u5c31\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u770b\u54ea\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u76f8\u611b\u3002\u300d\uff08Tertullian, Circa AD200, Apology XXXIX,5-11\uff09<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u611b\u7b75<\/h2>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u5167\u8868\u73fe\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u611b\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u611b\u7b75\uff08Agape meal\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u611b\u7b75\u662f\u6559\u6703\u6574\u9ad4\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u5f92\u6642\u4ee3\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5f8c\u4f86\u6bcf\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u9080\u8acb\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u53c3\u52a0\u3002\u8207\u7576\u4eca\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u300c\u670d\u4e8b\u300d\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u521d\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u7684\u300c\u670d\u4e8b\u300d\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u611b\u7b75\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u662f\u8b1b\u9053\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u662f\u8056\u9910\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u7576\u6642\u9580\u5f92\u548c\u8036\u7a4c\u5148\u662f\u5171\u7528\u903e\u8d8a\u7bc0\u7684\u665a\u9910\uff0c\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\u624d\u5403\u9905\u548c\u676f\uff1b\u521d\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u4e5f\u662f\u5148\u4eab\u53d7\u611b\u7b75\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u624d\u9818\u8056\u9910\u3002<\/p>\n

\u611b\u7b75\u6709\u5169\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u96c6\u9ad4\u7528\u9910\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u80a2\u9ad4\uff1b\u4f46\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u81f3\u5c11\u6bcf\u9031\u4e00\u6b21\u80fd\u5403\u4e0a\u4e00\u9813\u71df\u990a\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u98ef\u98df\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u5e36\u4e00\u4e9b\u98df\u7269\u4f86\u548c\u5225\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6771\u897f\u591a\u9ebc\u5c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u96a8\u4fbf\u4eab\u7528\u5bcc\u4eba\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u98df\u7269\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u98df\u7269\u4e5f\u9001\u7d66\u90a3\u4e9b\u751f\u75c5\u7684\u548c\u5728\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u7f85\u7684\u7570\u8c61\u2014\u7d93\u6fdfkoinonia\uff1a\u5bcc\u4eba\u81ea\u9858\u5730\u7167\u9867\u7aae\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u8b93\u4eba\u60f3\u8d77\u7576\u521d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u5728\u66e0\u91ce\u5206\u914d\u55ce\u54ea\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u53c3\u8003\u51fa\u57c3\u53ca\u8a1816\uff1a14-18\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u611f\u8b1d\u8056\u9748\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u51fa\u65bc\u81ea\u9858\u800c\u975e\u5f37\u8feb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5e36\u4e00\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u4f86\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6771\u897f\u805a\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5750\u4e0b\u4f86\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u521d\u4ee3\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u5f88\u7aae\u56f0\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u9084\u662f\u5974\u96b8\u3002\u5728\u5e0c\u81d8\u4e00\u500b\u5974\u96b8\u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u53e3\u7ce7\u4e0d\u5230\u4e8c\u65a4\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u5916\u52a0\u5e7e\u500b\u7121\u82b1\u679c\u548c\u6a44\u6b16\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u8461\u8404\u918b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u4e3b\u65e5\u5403\u5230\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u661f\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u8457\u521d\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u5f7c\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u624d\u6703\u5403\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u88e1\u9762\u771f\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u9748\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u5225\u4eba\u6709\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u4e0d\u53bb\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u611f\u5230\u9ad8\u8208\u7684\u3002\uff08\u5df4\u514b\u840a\u300a\u795e\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u6559\u6703\u300bWilliam Barclay ‘God’s Young Church’\uff09<\/p>\n

\u611b\u7b75\u9019\u500b\u540d\u5b57\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u7a31\u4e4b\u70baAgape \u5373\u559c\u611b\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u82b1\u8cbb\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u8d0f\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u611b\u7b75\u53ef\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u90a3\u4e9b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\uff08\u7279\u571f\u826f Apology XXIX16\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u670d\u4e8b\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u611b\u7b75\u70ba\u671f\u4e0d\u9577\u3002\u4fdd\u7f85\u53bb\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0c\u656c\u62dc\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u6b63\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u611b\u7b75\u9010\u6f38\u5f9e\u4e3b\u65e5\u7684\u670d\u4e8b\u4e2d\u88ab\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\u4e86\u3002\u8056\u9910\u6210\u4e86\u6559\u6703\u516c\u773e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u611b\u7b75\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u4ecd\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u4fdd\u7f85\u8cac\u5099\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u4fe1\u5f92\u90a3\u6a23\uff08\u53c3\u8003\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u524d\u66f811\uff1a20-22\uff09\u2014\u9189\u9152\u3001\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u7121\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u4f7f\u611b\u7b75\u6d88\u4ea1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/a>\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5927\u5e1d\u4fe1\u4e3b<\/h2>\n

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\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5982\u4f55\u7dad\u6301\u9019\u4e9b\u6559\u5802\u5efa\u7bc9\uff1f\u9084\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u6559\u6703\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u4e5f\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5230\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u5df2\u7d93\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u4f86\u81ea\u623f\u79df\u548c\u5949\u737b\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5206\u6210\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u4e3b\u6559\u3001\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u7aae\u4eba\u3001\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7dad\u4fee\u548c\u7167\u660e\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6536\u5165\u6bd4\u7267\u5e2b\u548c\u57f7\u4e8b\u9ad8\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u8981\u5c07\u4e00\u5927\u7b46\u9322\u7528\u4f86\u6177\u6168\u5949\u737b\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u6bd4\u662f\u7aae\u5bcc\u6559\u6703\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u7f85\u99ac\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u591a\u5f97\u4ee4\u4e00\u4f4d\u7570\u6559\u5f92\u53c3\u8b70\u54e1Praetextatus\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u8b93\u6211\u6210\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u6211\u660e\u5929\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u300d\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9109\u6751\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u6536\u5165\u537b\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f9d\u9760\u6559\u6703\u6703\u773e\u7684\u6177\u6168\u6350\u8d08\u3002\uff08Jonathan Hill, The History of Christianity\uff09<\/p>\n

\u9580\u5f92\u5011\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u9322\u888b\u3001\u521d\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u4fdd\u7f85\u6559\u5c0e\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5e73\u7b49\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u907a\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6559\u5c0e\u66f4\u88ab\u6545\u610f\u5ffd\u8996\u4e86\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u6559\u6703\u8c50\u5bcc\u6709\u9918\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u6559\u6703\u537b\u662f\u6349\u895f\u898b\u8098\u3002\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u525b\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba\u5f88\u5bcc\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6c92\u4eba\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5011\u61c9\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u8ca1\u5bcc\u3002\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u90a3\u7a2e\u6fc0\u52f5\u5171\u4eab\u8ca1\u5bcc\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002\u7a46\u745e\uff08Stuart Murray\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u8d85\u8d8a\u4ec0\u4e00\u300b\uff08Beyond Tithing\uff09\u4e2d\u7e3d\u7d50\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u641c\u96c6\u4e86\u820a\u7d04\u548c\u5404\u7a2e\u4e16\u4fd7\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3002\u9019\u500b\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u88ab\u9019\u4e9b\u8ca1\u5bcc\u6346\u7d81\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u8ca1\u5bcc\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5949\u737b\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u7aae\u4eba\u7684\u95dc\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u95dc\u5fc3\u3002\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u5949\u737b\u8005\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5c6c\u9748\u734e\u8cde\u7684\u770b\u91cd\uff0c\u9060\u8d85\u904e\u5c0d\u7aae\u4eba\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u770b\u898b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8a8d\u70ba\u5949\u737b\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u904e\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u662f\u795e\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u611b\u7b75\u5718\u5951\uff08Koinonia\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u300c\u65bd\u6368\u6551\u6fdf\u300d\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u95dc\u5fc3\u7aae\u4eba\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u662f\u300c\u6148\u5584\u300d\u800c\u975e\u516c\u7fa9\u3002<\/li>\n
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  • \u4e00\u4e9b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u9818\u8896\u958b\u59cb\u63d0\u5021\u4ec0\u4e00\u5949\u737b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u6a02\u65bc\u52a9\u4eba\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u8fe6\u592a\u57fa\uff08Carthage\uff09\u4e3b\u6559\u5c45\u666e\u826f\uff08Cyprian\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u88e1\u66fe\u4ed4\u7d30\u8861\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u8a72\u91cd\u65b0\u5f15\u9032\u4ec0\u4e00\u5949\u737b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u7684\u4fe1\u4e3b\u3001\u6559\u6703\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5305\u5bb9\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u3001\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u662f\u88ab\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u53cd\u5c0d\u3002\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u7267\u5e2b\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u4ee5\u820a\u7d04\u4e2d\u4ec0\u4e00\u5949\u737b\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\uff08\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u5730\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6559\u5c0e\u5949\u737b\u7684\u4f9d\u64da\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u662f\u647b\u4e86\u6c34\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\uff0c\u4f46\u7562\u7adf\u662f\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u4e86\u5f8b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u3002\u65b0\u7d04\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u2014\u4e94\u65ec\u7bc0\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u3001\u4fdd\u7f85\u95dc\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u7570\u8c61\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u88ab\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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