{"id":2413,"date":"2023-03-03T13:11:35","date_gmt":"2023-03-03T05:11:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/?p=2413"},"modified":"2023-03-04T09:34:16","modified_gmt":"2023-03-04T01:34:16","slug":"%e5%be%9e%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e4%bf%a1%e4%bb%b0%e5%bb%ba%e6%a7%8b%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e7%9a%84%e6%88%bf%e5%9c%b0%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%ef%bc%8f%e8%95%ad%e5%ae%b6%e8%88%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84\/%e5%be%9e%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e4%bf%a1%e4%bb%b0%e5%bb%ba%e6%a7%8b%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e7%9a%84%e6%88%bf%e5%9c%b0%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%ef%bc%8f%e8%95%ad%e5%ae%b6%e8%88%88\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5efa\u69cb\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0f\u856d\u5bb6\u8208"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5efa\u69cb\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u8a00<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u856d\u5bb6\u8208<br \/>\n\u5167\u653f\u90e8\u71df\u5efa\u7f72\u570b\u6c11\u4f4f\u5b85\u7d44 \u7d44\u9577<br \/>\n\uff08\u539f\u8f09\u65bc1995.4.\u6821\u5712\u96dc\u8a8c\uff0c\u6536\u9304\u65bc\uff1a\u856d\u5bb6\u8208\u8457\uff0c\u300a\u5b89\u5f97\u5ee3\u5ec8\u5e87\u5bd2\u58eb\u300b\uff0c\u5510\u5c71\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1997\uff09<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc128583799\"><\/a>\u58f9\u3001\u524d\u8a00<\/h1>\n<p>\u56de\u9867\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u4eba\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u8056\u7d93\u6559\u8a13\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u5931\u6557\u7684( \u8a73\u898b\u300c\u53e4\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u4eba\u623f\u5730\u7522\u7684\u793e\u6703\u7406\u60f3\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u300d\u4e59\u6587)\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u4ee5\u50c5\u4f54\u5fae\u5c0f\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u5be6\u8e10\u51fa\u8056\u7d93\u6240\u66c9\u8aed\u7684\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5c07\u662f\u7de3\u6728\u6c42\u9b5a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u82e5\u8981\u767c\u51fa\u6642\u4ee3\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u9762\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u623f\u5730\u7522\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5f9e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8457\u624b\u91cd\u65b0\u7701\u5bdf\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5617\u8a66\u5f9e\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3001\u76f8\u95dc\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u95e1\u91cb\u53ca\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u623f\u5730\u5be6\u6cc1\uff0c\u5efa\u69cb\u4e00\u5247\u5c6c\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u671f\u671b\u9054\u6210\u5c07\u4fe1\u4ef0\u843d\u5be6\u5230\u793e\u6703\u516c\u5171\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc128583800\"><\/a>\u8cb3\u3001\u623f\u5730\u6301\u6709\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u57fa\u790e<\/h1>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583801\"><\/a>\u4e00\u3001\u795e\u5c0d\u623f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u6301\u6709\u502b\u7406\u4e4b\u66c9\u8aed<\/h2>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583802\"><\/a>(\u4e00)\u571f\u5730\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u4e3b\u4eba\u662f\u795e<\/h3>\n<p>\u4eba\u56e0\u795e\u7684\u61c9\u8a31\u53d7\u8a17\u7ba1\u7406\u571f\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u7522\u696d\u795e\u662f\u571f\u5730\u7684\u696d\u4e3b(\u8a3b1)\uff0c\u4eba\u53ea\u662f\u5ba2\u65c5\uff0c\u5f9e\u672a\u64c1\u6709\u5c6c\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0d\u52d5\u7522\u3002\u4eba\u8981\u5f9e\u795e\u7684\u5275\u9020\u5b78\u7fd2\u611b\u8b77\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u7ba1\u7406\u795e\u6240\u8a17\u4ed8\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u70ba\u571f\u5730\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528 \u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583803\"><\/a>(\u4e8c)\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u61c9\u6709\u5b9a\u671f\u4f11\u8015\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u89c0\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fb2\u8015\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u5176\u571f\u5730\u5206\u914d\u63a1\u884c\u300c\u5747\u5e73\u300d\u85cf\u5bcc\u65bc\u6c11\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u78ba\u4fdd\u300c\u81ea\u8015\u5176\u5730\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u5e38\u5f97\u98fd\u98df\u300d(\u8a3b2)\u3002\u60df\u7531\u65bc\u571f\u5730\u7684\u300c\u5747\u5e73\u300d\u5206\u914d\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u514b\u670d\u571f\u5730\u7684\u6536\u6210\u56e0\u5730\u800c\u7570\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u78ba\u4fdd\u571f\u5730\u7684\u51fa\u7522\u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u6bcf\u4e00\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6c11\u751f\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u4ecd\u9700\u4e92\u76f8\u5e6b\u88dc\u3002\u5b89\u606f\u5e74\u7684\u5b9a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u65bd\u884c\u4f11\u8015\uff0c\u4ee5\u57f9\u990a\u5730\u529b\u5916\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c07\u8a72\u5e74\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u7522\u7684\u7269\u7522\u6b78\u70ba\u516c\u6709\uff0c\u4ee5\u6fdf\u8ca7\u7aae(\u8a3b3)\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583804\"><\/a>(\u4e09)\u571f\u5730\u53ca\u623f\u5c4b\u61c9\u6709\u4e0d\u5f97\u6c38\u8ce3\u7684\u6301\u6709\u89c0\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u7684\u8015\u4f5c\u51fa\u7522\u662f\u4eba\u6c11\u7dad\u6301\u751f\u8a08\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u70ba\u7aae\u4e4f\u4eba\u8b00\u751f\u8a08\uff0c\u6545\u571f\u5730\u4e0d\u53ef\u8ce3\u65b7(\u8a3b4)\u3002\u7aae\u4e4f\u4eba\u51fa\u8ce3\u571f\u5730\u7684\u552e\u50f9\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u53ea\u662f\u79df\u8cc3\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u79a7\u5e74\u51fa\u8ce3\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4fbf\u8981\u671f\u6eff\u6b78\u9084(\u8a3b5)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53e4\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u4eba\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u623f\u5c4b\u70ba\u7aae\u4e4f\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c07\u57ce\u5916\u623f\u5c4b\u8996\u5982\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u6c38\u8ce3\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u79a7\u5e74\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d16\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583805\"><\/a>\u4e8c\u3001\u79a7\u5e74\u8207\u5b89\u606f\u5e74\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u7406\u60f3\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b89\u606f\u5e74\u4fc2\u6307\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u6bcf\u904e\u516d\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e03\u5e74(\u8a3b6)\uff0c\u79a7\u5e74\u6307\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u6bcf\u904e\u4e03\u500b\u5b89\u606f\u5e74\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u56db\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\uff1b\u5176\u81f3\u5c11\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583806\"><\/a>(\u4e00)\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b89\u606f\u5e74\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9(\u8a3b7)\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u8b93\u571f\u5730\u6062\u5fa9\u80a5\u6c83(\u8a3b8)\uff1b\u79a7\u5e74\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u8b93\u571f\u5730\u66ab\u6b47\u990a\u606f(\u8a3b9)\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583807\"><\/a>(\u4e8c)\u79a7\u5e74\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7406\u60f3\u4e4b\u610f\u7fa9<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u79a7\u5e74\u8207\u5b89\u606f\u5e74\u8ce3\u51fa\u7684\u7522\u696d\u53ef\u8d16\u56de(\u8a3b10)\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u79a7\u5e74\u662f\u793e\u6703\u65bd\u884c\u516c\u7fa9\u4e4b\u6642\u6a5f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u5f15\u4f38\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u61c9\u9069\u6642\u89e3\u653e\u70ba\u623f\u5c4b\u53ca\u571f\u5730\u6240\u82e6\u8005\u3001\u70ba\u5c45\u4f4f\u6216\u79df\u5c4b\u6240\u82e6\u8005\u53ca\u70ba\u8cfc\u5c4b\u8cb8\u6b3e\u6240\u82e6\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583808\"><\/a>\u4e09\u3001\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u8207\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5c0d\u623f\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u6559\u5c0e<\/h2>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583809\"><\/a>(\u4e00)\u8ca1\u5bcc\u662f\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u662f\u7a4d\u84c4\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u52de\u800c\u7372\u7d42\u975e\u798f\u7949<\/h3>\n<p>\u795e\u66c9\u55bb\u7942\u7684\u767e\u59d3\uff1a\u300c\u4e0d\u52de\u800c\u5f97\u4e4b\u8ca1\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u6d88\u8017\uff1b\u52e4\u52de\u7a4d\u84c4\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u898b\u52a0\u589e\u300d(\u8a3b11)\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583810\"><\/a>(\u4e8c)\u8ca1\u5bcc\u4e0d\u6703\u6c38\u6709\uff0c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u6350\u52a9\u6fdf\u8ca7\u7684<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f85\u66fe\u4ee5\u99ac\u5176\u9813\u6559\u6703\u300c\u5728\u6975\u7aae\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u9084\u683c\u5916\u986f\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u6a02\u6350\u7684\u539a\u6069\u300d(\u8a3b12)\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u9ad8\u8cb4\u60c5\u64cd\u3002\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7528\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u5728\u66e0\u91ce\u62fe\u53d6\u55ce\u54ea\u6642\u300c\u591a\u6536\u7684\u4e5f\u6c92\u9918\uff0c\u5c11\u6536\u7684\u4e5f\u6c92\u7f3a\u300d\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u6559\u5c0e\u6559\u6703\u53ca\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5728\u8ca1\u5bcc\u4e0a\u53ca\u5c6c\u9748\u7684\u6069\u8cdc\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u914d\u8981\u300c\u5747\u5e73\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5bcc\u9918\u7684\u8981\u88dc\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u300d(\u8a3b13)\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583811\"><\/a>(\u4e09)\u5728\u795e\u7684\u516c\u7fa9\u88cf\uff0c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u904e\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u8207\u5962\u4f88\u5c31\u662f\u7f6a<\/h3>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u64c1\u6709\u904e\u591a\u53ef\u96a8\u610f\u8655\u7f6e\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u6613\u4f7f\u4eba\u81ea\u50b2\u81ea\u6eff(\u8a3b14)\uff0c\u7834\u58de\u793e\u6703\u826f\u597d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8b8a\u672c\u52a0\u5229\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u516c\u9053\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u5c0d\u4ed8\u7aae\u4eba\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u56e0\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u904e\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c07\u884d\u751f\u5962\u4f88\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7fd2\u6027\u548c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6b63\u7fa9\u624b\u6bb5\u525d\u596a\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u66b4\u623e\u98a8\u6c23\uff0c\u4e14\u5c07\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6ecb\u9577\u4e0d\u6b63\u7fa9\uff0c\u800c\u4fb5\u8755\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5d29\u6f70(\u8a3b15)\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583812\"><\/a>(\u56db)\u56e4\u7a4d\u623f\u5730\u81f4\u5bcc\u76f8\u5c0d\u525d\u596a\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4eba\u795e\u5171\u61a4<\/h3>\n<p>\u795e\u66c9\u8aed\u7942\u7684\u767e\u59d3\uff1a\u300c\u56e4\u7ce7\u4e0d\u8ce3\u7684\uff0c\u6c11\u5fc5\u5492\u8a5b\u4ed6\u300d(\u8a3b16)\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u641c\u522e\u8207\u56e4\u7a4d\u571f\u5730\u81f4\u525d\u596a\u7aae\u4eba\u8cf4\u4ee5\u70ba\u751f\u7684\u571f\u5730\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u641c\u522e\u623f\u5c4b\u7a7a\u7f6e\u4e0d\u7528\u6216\u5f85\u50f9\u800c\u4f30\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5747\u70ba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8a13\u8aa8\u6240\u4e0d\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583813\"><\/a>\u56db\u3001\u5929\u8077\u89c0\u8207\u7c21\u6a38\u751f\u6d3b\u539f\u5247\u7684\u5931\u843d\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0<\/h2>\n<p>\u897f\u65b9\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6e90\u65bc\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u5b97\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u5929\u8077\u89c0\uff08calling\uff09(\u8a3b17)\u8207\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u8d77\u521d\u8b39\u5b88\u8aa1\u547d\u8ffd\u6c42\u8056\u6f54\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u884c\u795e\u559c\u6085\u7684\u8654\u8aa0\u4e8b\u5949\u3001\u53ca\u884c\u5584\u8207\u6350\u8f38\u7684\u611b\u5fc3(\u8a3b18)\uff0c\u6240\u5f62\u5851\u51fa\u4e3b\u52d5\u81ea\u6211\u7bc0 \u5236\u3001\u52e4\u52de\u7bc0\u5109\u3001\u6a38\u7d20\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7f8e\u5fb7\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5408\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u502b\u7406\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6e96\u5247\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u500b\u4eba\u8ca1\u5bcc\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u7a4d\u7d2f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7cbe\u795e\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u6210\u719f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u751f\u7522\u793e\u6703\u5373\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u7763\u65b0\u6559\u502b\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301(\u8a3b19)\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u8caa\u5a6a\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u5373\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7763\u65b0\u6559\u502b\u7406\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4ee5\u69ae\u8000\u4e0a\u5e1d\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u8cfa\u9322\u548c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7a4d\u7d2f\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u518d\u6295\u8cc7\u751f\u7522\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7a4d\u7d2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u518d\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5176\u56fa\u7136\u4fc3\u6210\u4eca\u65e5\u4e16\u4fd7\u5de5\u696d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u73fe\u4eca\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u73fe\u8c61(\u8a3b20)\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc128583814\"><\/a>\u53c3\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u8e10<\/h1>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583815\"><\/a>\u4e00\u3001\u8b74\u8cac\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u57fa\u790e<\/h2>\n<p>\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u56e0\u7531\u5728\u65bc\u7576\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u7fa4\u9ad4\u8207\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6642\uff0c\u8089\u9ad4\u7684\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u5b89\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u5c31\u6703\u50b3\u64ad\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u52d5\u4e82\u4e5f\u5c31\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u52d5\u6416\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u9019\u90fd\u662f\u6e90\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u5fd8\u8a18\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u88ab\u5275\u9020\u6210\u5f62\u90fd\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u800c\u4e92\u76f8\u722d\u5229\u3002\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u65e2\u7136\u5b58\u6709\u5bcc\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6a6b\u884c\u9738\u9053\u7684\u8ca1\u4e3b\uff0c\u4fbf\u81ea\u7136\u6703\u5b58\u6709\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u5f31\u5c0f\u8005\u548c\u53d7\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u7aae\u4eba(\u8a3b21)\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583816\"><\/a>\u4e8c\u3001\u793e\u6703\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583817\"><\/a>(\u4e00)\u795e\u66c9\u8aed\u7942\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u8981\u70ba\u8ca7\u7aae\u8005\u65bd\u884c\u516c\u7fa9<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u820a\u7d04\u88e1\uff0c\u5148\u77e5\u8981\u6c42\u7942\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u300c\u65bd\u884c\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u516c\u7fa9\uff0c\u62ef\u6551\u88ab\u6436\u596a\u7684\u812b\u96e2\u6b3a\u58d3\u4eba\u7684\u624b\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8667\u8ca0\u5bc4\u5c45\u7684\u548c\u5b64\u5152\u5be1\u5a66\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f37\u66b4\u5f85\u4ed6\u5011\u300d(\u8a3b22)\u3002\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u537b\u5fc5\u9808\u6e1b\u5c11\u5b83\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u548c\u7e2e\u5c0f\u5b83\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583818\"><\/a>(\u4e8c)\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u662f\u793e\u6703\u6027\u7684<\/h3>\n<p>\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u662f\u6f38\u9032\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8981\u5be6\u8e10\u5e73\u7b49\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u61c9\u6709\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u4fc3\u4f7f\u793e\u6703\u9ad4\u5236\u548c\u6b0a\u529b\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u672c\u8457\u300c\u4e43\u8981\u5747\u5e73\u300d\u4e4b\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8a13\u8aa8\uff0c\u5f9e\u672c\u8eab\u53ca\u6559\u6703\u4e2d\u5be6\u8e10\u300c\u5bcc\u9918\u7684\u8981\u88dc\u4e0d\u8db3\u300d(\u8a3b23)\uff0c\u512a\u5148\u628a\u7279\u5225\u7684\u6069\u60e0\u7d66\u4e88\u6700\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u4eba\u5011(\u8a3b24)\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583819\"><\/a>\u4e09\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5e0c\u671b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u4e8e\u723e\u6839. \u83ab\u723e\u7279\u66fc( Jurgen Moltmann )\u7684\u300c\u5e0c\u671b\u795e\u5b78\u300d\u8981\u7fa9(\u8a3b25)\uff0c\u300c\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u9ad4\u5236\u9032\u884c\u9769\u547d\u8207\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u88ab\u91d8\u6b7b\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u5fa9\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u57fa\u7763\u6240\u61c9\u8a31\u7684\u666e\u904d\u672a\u4f86\u300d\uff0c\u8332\u6458\u9304\u6574\u7406(\u8a3b26)\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583820\"><\/a>(\u4e00)\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u570b\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u4e43\u662f\u90a3\u4f4d\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u88ab\u91d8\u6b7b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4e43\u5728\u65bc\u611b\u8207\u6b63\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u6545\u539f\u672c\u5c6c\u6beb\u7121\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u5f9e\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u5f97\u5230\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u53d7\u5dee\u6d3e\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ba\u8ca7\u7121\u7acb\u9310\u7684\u7121\u671b\u8005\u722d\u53d6\u5e0c\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583821\"><\/a>(\u4e8c)\u6eff\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8981\u4ee5\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u60f3<\/h3>\n<p>\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u6539\u9020\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u62b5\u6297\u300c\u8caa\u5a6a\u60e1\u52e2\u529b\u300d\u3001 \u300c\u5f81\u670d\u5fc3\u9748\u300d\u7684\u9632\u7dda\u3002\u70ba\u91cd\u71c3\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u4e4b\u706b\uff0c\u7406\u61c9\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u4e88\u4ee5\u5177\u9ad4\u898f\u5283\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u70ba\u4eba\u4e16\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u50f9\u503c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002\u5c31\u7576\u4eca\u6642\u4ee3\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u672a\u4f86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u570b\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u6709\u4e94\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u898f\u5283\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u5373\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316( Sozialisierung )\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u516c\u6709\u5316\u6216\u570b\u6709\u5316\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6307\u793e\u6703\u8ca1\u5bcc\u8207\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583822\"><\/a>(\u4e09)\u5be6\u8e10\u6eff\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u8981\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u4e0d\u7fa9\u7684\u9ad4\u5236\u9032\u884c\u9769\u547d\u8207\u6539\u9020<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u610f\u8b58\u88e1\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6b64\u4e16\u7684\u7f6a\u60e1\u3001\u4e0d\u7fa9\u3001\u82e6\u96e3\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u90fd\u5c07\u53d7\u5230\u5be9\u5224\uff1b\u4eba\u5011\u70ba\u5be6\u73fe\u8207\u7f6a\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u516c\u7fa9\u300d\u3001\u8207\u82e6\u96e3\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u69ae\u8000\u300d\u3001\u8207\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u751f\u547d\u300d\u3001\u8207\u7d1b\u722d\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u7b49\u5747\u5c07\u7372\u5f97\u6fc0\u767c\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u9084\u6709\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\u3001\u88ab\u6b3a\u58d3\u8005\u3001\u7d55\u671b\u8005\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u61f7\u8457\u5e0c\u671b\u53c3\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u73fe\u4e16\u7684\u7f6a\u60e1\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u4e0d\u7fa9\u548c\u7d1b\u722d(\u8a3b27)\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583823\"><\/a>(\u56db)\u6eff\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5177\u6709\u793e\u6703\u7684\u52d5\u54e1\u6027\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u500b\u4eba\u56e0\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7372\u5f97\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u7121\u6127\u65bc\u7121\u5c31\u696d\u6a5f\u6703\u53ca\u7121\u5e87\u8b77\u8655\u6240\u3001\u7121\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u7aae\u82e6\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u6545\u539f\u672c\u5c6c\u300c\u4e0d\u7fa9\u300d\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u4e0a\u7a31\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u53d7\u5dee\u6d3e\uff0c\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u300c\u516c\u7fa9\u300d\u800c\u52aa\u529b\uff1b\u539f\u672c\u6c92\u300c\u5e73\u5b89\u300d\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u7684\u6551\u6069\u4e2d\u8207\u795e\u548c\u597d\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u5dee\u6d3e\u5728\u9019\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5de8\u5bcc\u8207\u8d64\u8ca7\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u885d\u7a81\u4e2d\u4fc3\u6210\u548c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583824\"><\/a>\u56db\u3001\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u6539\u9020\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u4f5c\u70ba<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u88e1\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u7684\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u539f\u672c\u4fc2\u900f\u904e\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u60c5\u64cd\u3001\u6c11\u80de\u7269\u8207\u3001\u60b2\u5929\u61ab\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u7cbe\u795e\u8207\u793e\u6703\u826f\u77e5\uff0c\u4f86\u63a8\u52d5\u8fa6\u7406\u6148\u5584\u6551\u52a9\u4e8b\u696d\u4e26\u53c3\u8207\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6539\u7531\u570b\u5bb6\u900f\u904e\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u884c\u4f7f\u4f86\u9054\u6210\u3002\u60df\u570b\u5bb6\u900f\u904e\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u65bd\u884c\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u6216\u4f4f\u5b85\u798f\u5229\u7684\u5206\u914d\u6027\u653f\u7b56\u6642\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u6f5b\u5984\u7684\u60f3\u4ee5\u570b\u5bb6\u9019\u90e8\u6a5f\u5236\u53d6\u4ee3\u795e\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u800c\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u66f4\u7121\u8996\u570b\u5bb6\u798f\u5229\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e4b\u6709\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6feb\u958b\u653f\u7b56\u652f\u7968\uff0c\u4ee5\u7d2f\u7a4d\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u6b3a\u54c4\u7121\u77e5\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u9078\u7968\u3002\u800c\u5c6c\u65bc\u5fc5\u9808\u4ee5\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u65bd\u884c\u793e\u6703\u91cd\u5206\u914d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u7b56\u6642\uff0c\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u653f\u6b0a\u8207\u9078\u7968\u7684\u653f\u9ee8\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8996\u800c\u4e0d\u898b\uff0c\u6216\u8207\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u639b\u52fe\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u6709\u6240\u65bd\u653f\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u53ca\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u79c9\u6301\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7ad9\u5728\u4e3b\u5f35\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u908a\uff0c\u5145\u7576\u793e\u6703\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5148\u77e5\u8005\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u5236\u5b9a\u70ba\u7aae\u4eba\u61c9\u5f97\u7684\u516c\u7fa9\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc128583825\"><\/a>\u8086\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7121\u6cd5\u5b89\u5c45\u7684\u73fe\u72c0<\/h1>\n<p>\u795e\u66c9\u8aed\u7942\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u8981\u5b89\u7136\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u800c\u5b89\u7136\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u8868\u5fb5\u5728\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u7121\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u505a\u300d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u7121\u8655\u53ef\u5c45\u4f4f\u300d\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8868\u9762\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e26\u7121\u524d\u8ff0\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u4f46\u6df1\u7a76\u793e\u6703\u771f\u8c61\uff0c\u537b\u8aa0\u5982\u8056\u7d93\u6240\u8ff0\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u5fb7\u7684\u4eba\u8207\u8ca7\u5bd2\u70ba\u4f0d\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u60e1\u4e4b\u5f92\u53cd\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u4eab\u53d7\u300d(\u8a3b28)\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7684\u73fe\u72c0\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u904e\u8457\u5962\u83ef\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u537b\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed8\u4e0a\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u529b\uff1b\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u8f9b\u52e4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e26\u7121\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u885b\u751f\u3001\u8212\u9069\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u5fc5\u70ba\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u8cfc\u5c4b\u8cb8\u6b3e\u6216\u79df\u8cc3\u79df\u91d1\u64cd\u5fc3\u7684\u5e73\u5b89\u3002\u5176\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u4ee5\u623f\u5730\u7522\u4f5c\u70ba\u6295\u8cc7\u751f\u8ca1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u300d\u5275\u9020\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ee5\u52de\u52d5\u5275\u9020\u6240\u5f97\u3002\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8cfc\u5c4b\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u85aa\u8cc7\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u623f\u50f9\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u5e02\u5834\u88cf\uff0c\u6beb\u7121\u8cfc\u5c4b\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u8332\u5c31\u53f0\u7063\u623f\u5730\u7522\u5206\u914d\u73fe\u72c0\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583826\"><\/a>\u4e00\u3001\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6240\u5f97\u6240\u986f\u793a\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u5f97\u5dee\u8ddd\u7d71\u8a08(\u8a3b29)\uff0c1993\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u524d20\uff05\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6236\u7e3d\u6240\u5f97\u70ba 140\u842c\u5143\uff0c\u70ba20\uff05\u6700\u8ca7\u7aae\u5bb6\u5ead\u76845.42\u500d\u3002\u524d20\uff05\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u7e3d\u6240\u5f97\u4f54\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u768438.7\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u6bd4\u8f03\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u53401980\u5e74\u30011990\u5e74\u53ca1993\u5e7420\uff05\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u7e3d\u6240\u5f97\u820720\uff05\u6700\u8ca7\u7aae\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e4b\u7e3d\u6240\u5f97\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u70ba4.17\u30015.18\u53ca5.42\u3002\u986f\u793a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u5f97\u5dee\u8ddd\u9023\u5e74\u6301\u7e8c\u64f4\u5927\u8207\u60e1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583827\"><\/a>\u4e8c\u3001\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u570b\u5bcc\u8abf\u67e5\u7d71\u8a08(\u8a3b30)\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u53401988\u5e74\u4ee5\u8cc7\u7522\u6bdb\u984d\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u571f\u5730\u8cc7\u7522\uff09\u6240\u986f\u793a\u768420\uff05\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u820720\uff05\u6700\u4f4e\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u70ba6.91\uff0c\u9060\u8f03\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u5f97\u5dee\u8ddd4.85\u5927\u3002\u53e61991\u5e74\u4ee5\u8cc7\u7522\u6bdb\u984d\u6240\u986f\u793a\u768420\uff05\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u820720\uff05\u6700\u4f4e\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u5247\u70ba\u5206\u5225\u70ba16.8\uff0c\u9060\u8f03\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u5f97\u5dee\u8ddd5.42\u8d85\u904e\u4e09\u500d\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f1991\u5e74\u524d20\uff05\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u5bb6\u5ead\uff08\u7d04103\u842c\u6236\uff09\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\u7e3d\u984d\u4f54\u5168\u9ad4\u5bb6\u5ead\u8cc7\u7522\u768449.7\uff05\u3002\u800c20\uff05\u6700\u4f4e\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u81ea\u6709\u7387\u50c5\u670933.7\uff05\uff0c\u9060\u4f4e\u65bc\u5168\u570b\u4f4f\u5b85\u81ea\u6709\u738780\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u986f\u793a\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u8ca1\u5bcc\u96c6\u4e2d\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u9760\u52e4\u52de\u8cfa\u9322\u7684\u6240\u5f97\u9060\u4f4e\u65bc\u9760\u8ca1\u7522\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u623f\u5c4b\u3001\u571f\u5730\u53ca\u91d1\u878d\u7b49\u8cc7\u7522\uff09\u8cfa\u9322\u7684\u6240\u5f97\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7531\u65bc\u623f\u5730\u7522\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u300c\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u300d\u8207\u300c\u52e4\u52de\u6240\u5f97\u300d\u56b4\u91cd\u5931\u8861\uff0c\u53ca\u52a0\u6df1\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5c07\u4f7f\u5f97\u793e\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u653e\u68c4\u6b63\u7576\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u8ffd\u9010\u91d1\u9322\u904a\u6232\u3002\u5f9e\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u52de\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u751f\u7522\u529b\u8870\u9000\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\u7a2e\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583828\"><\/a>\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u64da1990\u5e74\u4f4f\u5b85\u666e\u67e5\u7d71\u8a08(\u8a3b31)\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u5c45\u4f4f\u65bc\u81ea\u6709\u5bb6\u5b85\u4e4b\u4f4f\u6236\u6709 383\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff0c\u4f4f\u5b85\u81ea\u6709\u7387\u70ba78.4\uff05\u3002\u5c45\u4f4f\u65bc\u975e\u81ea\u6709\u4e4b\u5bb6\u5b85\u4e4b\u4f4f\u6236\u6709 105\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c6c\u79df\u8cc3\u4f4f\u5b85\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e4b\u6236\u6578\u670965\u842c\u9918\u6236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u6839\u64da1990\u5e74\u5ea6\u8ca1\u7a05\u8cc7\u6599\u7d71\u8a08(\u8a3b32)\uff0c\u5728\u7533\u5831\u7d9c\u5408\u6240\u5f97\u7a05\u4e4b 392\u842c\u9918\u6236\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u8005\u8a08\u6709 178\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff1b\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u68df\u4f4f\u5b85\u8005\u8a08 132\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff1b\u6301\u6709\u4e8c\u68df\u4f4f\u5b85\u8005\u8a0850\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff1b\u6301\u6709\u4e09\u68df\u4f4f\u5b85\u8005\u8a0817\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff0c\u6301\u6709\u56db\u68df\u4f4f\u5b85\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8a08\u670913\u842c\u6236\u3002\u986f\u793a\u64c1\u6709\u591a\u6236\u623f\u5c4b\u4e4b\u6236\u6578\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u6301\u6709\u4e8c\u68df\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e4b\u6240\u5f97\u7a05\u7533\u5831\u6236\u9ad8\u905481\u842c\u6236\uff0c\u4f54\u6240\u5f97\u7a05\u7533\u5831\u623620\uff05\uff0c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u96c6\u4e2d\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u73fe\u8c61\u660e\u986f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583829\"><\/a>\u56db\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u9592\u7f6e\u53ca\u975e\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u6d6a\u8cbb\u793e\u6703\u8cc7<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u64da1990\u5e74\u4f4f\u5b85\u666e\u67e5\u7d71\u8a08(\u8a3b33)\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340 507\u842c\u9918\u6236\u4f4f\u5b85\u55ae\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u70ba 423 \u842c\u9918\u6236\uff0c\u4f5483.5\uff05\uff0c\u7121\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e4b\u7a7a\u9592\u4f4f\u5b85\u670967\u842c\u9918\u6236\u3002\u53e6\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u4f4f\u5b85\u6709 16 \u842c\u9918\u6236\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u9577\u7387\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u9054605\uff05\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u8cfc\u8cb7\u4f4f\u5b85\u800c\u975e\u4f9b\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u9010\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583830\"><\/a>\u4e94\u3001\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e4b\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u7121\u8cfc\u5c4b\u7684\u617e\u671b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u64da1990\u5e74\u8ca1\u7a05\u8cc7\u6599\u7d71\u8a08\u986f\u793a(\u8a3b34)\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5e74\u7d9c\u5408\u6240\u5f97\u7e3d\u984d\u572848\u842c\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u81ea\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u8005\u7d2f\u8a08\u5df2\u6709155\u842c\u9918\u6236\uff1b\u5bb6\u5ead\u5e74\u7d9c\u5408\u6240\u5f97\u7e3d\u984d\u572896\u842c\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u81ea\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u8005\u7d2f\u8a08\u6709 175\u842c\u9918\u6236\u3002\u4f4e\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6240\u5f97\u5c11\uff0c\u8cfc\u5c4b\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6545\u7121\u81ea\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9ad8\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e8b\u5be6\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u6839\u64da1991\u5e74\u7684\u570b\u5bcc\u8abf\u67e5(\u8a3b35)\uff0c\u524d20\uff05\u6700\u9ad8\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6240\u5f97\u9ad8\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u5132\u84c4\u7387\u5373\u9ad8\u905438\uff05\uff0c\u800c20\uff05\u6700\u4f4e\u8ca1\u7522\u6240\u5f97\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5132\u84c4\u7387\u5247\u50c5\u70ba18\uff05\u3002\u4f46\u53cd\u89c0\u6838\u5b9a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u5f97\u7e3d\u984d\u9054180\u842c\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8005\uff0c\u5c1a\u67094,527\u6236\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\uff1b 150\u842c\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8005\u7d2f\u8a08\u6709 7,684\u6236\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\uff1b96\u842c\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8005\u7d2f\u8a08\u670930,185\u6236\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u6487\u958b\u4e0d\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u4ee5\u907f\u7a05\u4e4b\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u9ad8\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e26\u4e0d\u76e1\u7136\u5c07\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6240\u5f97\u7528\u65bc\u8cfc\u7f6e\u623f\u5c4b\u4e0a\u3002\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9ad8\u6240\u5f97\u8005\u82e5\u7121\u5132\u84c4\u8cfc\u5c4b\u4e4b\u617e\u671b\uff0c\u9ad8\u6240\u5f97\u537b\u9ad8\u6d88\u8cbb\uff0c\u6216\u6295\u8cc7\u5176\u5b83\u8cc7\u7522\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u672a\u6301\u6709\u4f4f\u5b85\u554f\u984c\u95dc\u9375\u5168\u7136\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u4f7f\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc128583831\"><\/a>\u4f0d\u3001\u5efa\u69cb\u5c6c\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7684\u571f\u5730\u53ca\u4f4f\u5b85\u653f\u7b56\u4e3b\u5f35<\/h1>\n<p>\u7e3d\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3001\u76f8\u95dc\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u95e1\u91cb\u53ca\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u623f\u5730\u5be6\u6cc1\uff0c\u53ef\u767c\u73fe\u623f\u5730\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u6301\u6709\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u500b\u5225\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6536\u5165\u3001\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u904b\u7528\u3001\u4f4f\u5b85\u6301\u6709\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f9b\u9700\u53ca\u91d1\u878d\u5e02\u5834\u5c0d\u623f\u5730\u50f9\u683c\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u800c\u662f\u95dc\u4fc2\u4eba\u751f\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u826f\u77e5\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u60c5\u64cd\uff0c\u9060\u975e\u570b\u5bb6<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u7d71\u6cbb\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u6240\u53ef\u5f37\u5236\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4fc2\u7d93\u6fdf\u5f31\u52e2\u5718\u9ad4\u5728\u653f\u6559\u5206\u96e2\u4e0b\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u6545\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u672a\u4f86\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc128583832\"><\/a>\u9081\u5411\u672a\u4f86\u6eff\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u8a00<\/h2>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583833\"><\/a>\u9075\u884c\u4e3b\u9053\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b89\u7136\u5c45\u4f4f(\u8a3b36)<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bb6\u5ead\u662f\u795e\u6240\u8a2d\u7acb(\u8a3b37)\uff0c\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5065\u5168\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u5b89\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u6eab\u99a8\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead(\u8a3b38)\u624d\u80fd\u5f70\u986f\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u627f\u8a8d\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u795e\u8056\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u70ba\u55ae\u4f4d\u52a0\u5f37\u4fdd\u8b77\u548c\u5805\u56fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583834\"><\/a>\u5bb6\u5bb6\u6709\u5e38\u696d(\u8a3b39)\uff0c\u6c11\u751f\u4f4f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5f97\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3<\/h3>\n<p>\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u78ba\u4fdd\u53ca\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u8cc7\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u5bb6\u5ead\u6eab\u98fd\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u70ba\u7dad\u6301\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7d93\u6fdf\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u81ea\u5df1\u53ca\u5bb6\u4eba\u6709\u9069\u5b9c\u7684\u5c45\u5bb6\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e3b\u8981\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6b63\u7576\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8cfa\u53d6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97(\u8a3b40)\uff0c\u7a69\u5b9a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u6b63\u3001\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5275\u9020\u8207\u63d0\u4f9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5408\u7406\u85aa\u8cc7\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u4fc3\u9032\u5145\u5206\u5c31\u696d\u4e26\u6b63\u78ba\u6559\u5c0e\u4eba\u6c11\u5de5\u4f5c\u7121\u5206\u8cb4\u8ce4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u64fa\u812b\u8ca7\u56f0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583835\"><\/a>\u4eba\u5efa\u9020\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u7684\u500b\u6027(\u8a3b41)<\/h3>\n<p>\u5152\u5973\u662f\u795e\u6240\u8cdc\u7684\u7522\u696d(\u8a3b42)\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6559\u990a(\u8a3b43)\u5916\uff0c\u5f9e\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u5747\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\u5728\u9069\u65bc\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u57f9\u80b2\u51fa\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u53ca\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5ba4\u96c5\u4f55\u9700\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u885b\u751f\u53ca\u5be7\u9069\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u5c0d\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u6709\u5c0a\u56b4\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5962\u4f88\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u5ee3\u7c4c\u4f4f\u5b85\u798f\u5229\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4f4f\u5b85\u5c08\u8cac\u6a5f\u95dc\uff0c\u65bd\u884c\u4f4f\u5b85\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u90a3\u4e9b\u751f\u4f86\u8ca7\u7aae\u6216\u8005\u5c07\u751f\u5728\u8ca7\u7aae\u4e4b\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583836\"><\/a>\u52e4\u5109(\u8a3b44)\u662f\u64c1\u6709\u9ad4\u9762\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u79d8\u8a23<\/h3>\n<p>\u7bc0\u5109\u662f\u539a\u690d\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d93\u6fdf\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6240\u5f97\u589e\u52a0\u8207\u59a5\u5584\u904b\u7528\u662f\u6539\u5584\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f4f\u5b85\u54c1\u8cea\u53ca\u5c45\u4f4f\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u6559\u5c0e\u6c11\u773e\u990a\u6210\u5132\u84c4\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5132\u84c4\u8cfc\u5c4b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9069\u6642\u8cfc\u7f6e\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c45\u4f4f\u6c34\u6e96\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u6e1b\u8f15\u8cb8\u6b3e\u8cfc\u5c4b\u8005\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u8ca0\u64d4\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u672a\u63a5\u53d7\u88dc\u52a9\u8cfc\u5c4b\u8005\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u4e88\u4ee5\u5229\u606f\u8cbc\u88dc\u3002\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u5f97\u9810\u652f\u9000\u4f11\u4fdd\u96aa\u91d1\u8cfc\u5c4b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583837\"><\/a>\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f5c\u70ba\u5bb6\u5ead\u8ca1\u5bcc\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c45\u4f4f<\/h3>\n<p>\u9077\u5f99\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u6b0a\u53ca\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fb5\u72af\u6b0a\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f4f\u5b85\u53ca\u5176\u5ea7\u843d\u7684\u571f\u5730\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u3002\u623f\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u79c1\u6709\u8ca1\u7522\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u61c9\u4e88\u4ee5\u627f\u8a8d\u4e26\u4e88\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u5176\u5bb6\u5ead\u7e7c\u627f\u6b0a\u61c9\u53d7\u570b\u5bb6\u7279\u5225\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583838\"><\/a>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u5c0d\u4ee5\u623f\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ca1\u7522\u7684\u7372\u5f97\u53ca\u589e\u503c\u5be6\u884c\u8abf\u7bc0<\/h3>\n<p>\u70ba\u964d\u4f4e\u4e16\u4ee3\u7e7c\u627f\u9593\u6240\u7522\u751f\u8d85\u51fa\u57fa\u672c\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e0d\u52de\u800c\u7372\uff0c\u7e2e\u5c0f\u793e\u6703\u8ca1\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u5584\u7528\u907a\u8d08\u7a05\u53ca\u8ca1\u7522\u7a05\u4f5c\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\u91cd\u5206\u914d\u4e4b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60df\u8003\u616e\u4e16\u4ee3\u907a\u8d08\u7684\u611b\u5fc3\uff0c\u907a\u8d08\u7a05\u4f5c\u70ba\u9632\u6b62\u4e16\u4ee3\u4e0d\u516c\u4e4b\u653f\u7b56\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b9c\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u4e26\u6263\u9664\u53d7\u907a\u8d08\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u73fe\u6709\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u518d\u5c0d\u65bc\u8d85\u904e\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u8981\u4e4b\u6578\u984d\uff0c\u52a0\u5927\u5176\u7d2f\u9032\u7a05\u8ce6\u7d1a\u8ddd\u4e88\u4ee5\u7d2f\u9032\u8ab2\u5fb5\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5206\u5176\u907a\u8d08\u6578\u984d\u6216\u73fe\u6709\u8cc7\u7522\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u6a23\u6a23\u8ab2\u5fb5\u907a\u8d08\u7a05\u8ce6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583839\"><\/a>\u9069\u7576\u9650\u5236\u4ee5\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u8d85\u91cf\u6301\u6709\u6216\u6295\u8cc7\u975e\u4f9b\u81ea\u8eab\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u525d\u596a\u8207\u6b3a\u58d3(\u8a3b45)\u9700\u8981\u4f4f\u5c4b\u8005\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u53ca\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u70ba\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u53ca\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u9664\u4e86\u8981\u767c\u5c55\u4f01\u696d\u589e\u52a0\u6295\u8cc7\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5f15\u5c0e\u85cf\u5bcc\u65bc\u6c11\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6c11\u773e\u6301\u6709\u571f\u5730\u53ca\u623f\u5c4b\u610f\u9858\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u79c1\u4eba\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u61c9\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u96a8\u8457\u793e\u6703\u6b0a\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u5176\u6027\u8cea\u914c\u4f5c\u5340\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u61c9\u7d55\u5c0d\u4fdd\u969c\uff1b\u500b\u4eba\u65e5\u5e38\u6c11\u751f\u6240\u5fc5\u5099\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u578b\u8ca1\u7522\u61c9\u5145\u5206\u4fdd\u969c\uff1b\u81f3\u65bc\u5c6c\u65bc\u652f\u914d\u4ed6\u4eba\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4fb5\u72af\u4ed6\u4eba\u751f\u5b58\u6b0a\u6216\u7834\u58de\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u578b\u8ca1\u7522\uff0c\u5247\u61c9\u9069\u7576\u7684\u9650\u5236(\u8a3b46)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u6c11\u4f4f\u5c4b\u6b0a\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u9808\u5728\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7d2f\u7a4d\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5408\u7406\u4e14\u9069\u5207\u7684\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e0d\u7576\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3002\u4e26\u4ee5\u8ca1\u7522\u7a05\uff08\u571f\u5730\u7a05\u3001\u8b49\u4ea4\u7a05\u3001\u589e\u503c\u7a05\u3001\u623f\u5730\u7522\u4ea4\u6613\u7a05\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u9632\u6b62\u6295\u6a5f\u53ca\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e4b\u653f\u7b56\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5373\u52a0\u5927\u5176\u7d2f\u9032\u7a05\u8ce6\u7d1a\u8ddd\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4e4b\u79c1\u4eba\u8ca1\u7522\u4e00\u65e6\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fb5\u72af\u4e4b\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583840\"><\/a>\u5728\u751f\u614b\u516c\u7fa9\u53ca\u4e16\u4ee3\u516c\u7fa9(\u8a3b47)\u4e0b\u5730\u76e1\u5176\u5229<\/h3>\n<p>\u571f\u5730\u61c9\u4f5c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u6709\u5229\u4e4b\u751f\u7522\u8207\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u571f\u5730\u6c38\u7e8c\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u8fb2\u5730\u61c9\u5206\u5340\u5206\u671f\u5be6\u65bd\u4f11\u8015\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u6309\u7e3d\u9ad4\u570b\u571f\u898f\u5283\uff0c\u7d71\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b49\u571f\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u5408\u7406\u548c\u7bc0\u7d04\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u6839\u64da\u8fb2\u696d\u5340\u57df\u548c\u7a2e\u690d\u985e\u5225\u78ba\u5b9a\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5408\u9069\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7121\u5730\u6216\u8015\u5730\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u8fb2\u6236\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u9808\u63a1\u53d6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4fdd\u8b77\u548c\u767c\u5c55\u571f\u5730\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8015\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a08\u756b\u4f5c\u70ba\u751f\u7522\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0d\u5f97\u518d\u884c\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f49\u8b93\u7d66\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7e7c\u627f\u4eba\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u63a5\u53d7\u5206\u914d\u7684\u8fb2\u6236\u53ca\u5176\u7e7c\u627f\u4eba\u8015\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u571f\u4e4b\u8fb2\u8015\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u61c9\u9632\u6b62\u56e0\u4fb5\u8755\u800c\u9020\u6210\u6c34\u571f\u6d41\u5931\u3001\u751f\u7522\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u8cc7\u6e90\u548c\u5176\u5730\u9762\u53ca\u5730\u4e0b\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u67af\u7aed\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583841\"><\/a>\u5730\u5229\u5171\u4eab\u70ba\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u793e\u6703\u539f\u5247\u4e4b\u4e00<\/h3>\n<p>\u571f\u5730\u7684\u51fa\u7522\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d93\u6fdf\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4fdd\u969c(\u8a3b48)\u3002\u9664\u8fb2\u696d\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u4eab\u6709\u61b2\u6cd5\u898f\u5b9a\u7684\u8015\u5730\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6301\u6709\u571f\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ca1\u7522\u8005\u5747\u9700\u4ed8\u7a05\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6301\u6709\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8d8a\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u65bc\u751f\u7522\u8005\uff0c\u4ed8\u7a05\u8d8a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u767c\u5c55\u6f5b\u529b\u5340\u4f4d\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4fc2\u793e\u6703\u6240\u5171\u540c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u975e\u56e0\u500b\u4eba\u52de\u529b\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u8fb2\u5730\u8b8a\u66f4\u4f7f\u7528\u5f37\u5ea6\u4f5c\u70ba\u90fd\u5e02\u5316\u7528\u5730\uff0c\u5176\u8a08\u756b\u5229\u5f97\u61c9\u6b78\u793e\u6703\u6240\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7531\u571f\u5730\u6301\u6709\u8005\u6216\u958b\u767c\u8005\u6240\u7368\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u56b4\u683c\u9650\u5236\u571f\u5730\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u4eba\u70ba\u5c07\u571f\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u6295\u8cc7\u4fdd\u503c\uff0c\u53ca\u4fdf\u6a5f\u8b8a\u66f4\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u975e\u6cd5\u56e4\u7a4d\u9592\u7f6e\u3002\u90fd\u6703\u5340\u5468\u906d\u7684\u8fb2\u5730\u70ba\u7372\u53d6\u66b4\u5229\u6700\u6613\u6dea\u70ba\u56e0\u5f85\u50f9\u800c\u4f30\u800c\u9592\u7f6e\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u63a1\u884c\u6709\u6548\u63aa\u65bd\u52a0\u5f37\u571f\u5730\u77ed\u671f\u4ea4\u6613\u4e4b\u7ba1\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u571f\u5730\u50f9\u683c\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u751f\u7522\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u571f\u5730\u7af6\u7528\u7684\u7a00\u6709\u6027\u3002\u6545\u571f\u5730\u5927\u9762\u7a4d\u8cb7\u8ce3\u61c9\u7533\u5831\u4f7f\u7528\u9805\u76ee\u8a31\u53ef\uff1b\u571f\u5730\u9ad8\u50f9\u8cb7\u8ce3\u61c9\u7533\u5831\u6295\u8cc7\u5831\u916c\u8a31\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5de5\u5546\u4e8b\u696d\u7528\u5730\u4f5c\u70ba\u5de5\u5546\u696d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u751f\u7522\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u9664\u4e86\u85aa\u8cc7\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u70ba\u8cc7\u65b9\u6240\u7368\u652c\uff0c\u5b9c\u5217\u5165\u8cc7\u7522\u7531\u5de5\u4eba\u53ca\u4f01\u696d\u54e1\u5de5\u4ee5\u80a1\u4efd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u540c\u6301\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583842\"><\/a>\u4f4f\u8005\u6709\u5176\u5c4b\u70ba\u7121\u6bbc\u8005\u722d\u53d6\u4f4f\u5c4b\u6b0a\u7684\u76ee\u6a19<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u548c\u8ae7\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6b0a\u5229(\u8a3b49)\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5b89\u7f6e\u5340\u7684\u8ca7\u6c11\u548c\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u7684\u5c45\u6c11(\u8a3b50)\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5011\u8ca0\u64d4\u5f97\u8d77\u7684\u50f9\u683c\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u9ad4\u9762\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u9808\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4f7f\u76ee\u524d\u4f54\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u7121\u81ea\u7528\u4f4f\u5b85\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u70ba\u623f\u5c4b\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002 \u81f3\u65bc\u7121\u8cfc\u5c4b\u80fd\u529b\u800c\u9700\u9577\u671f\u79df\u8cc3\u623f\u5c4b\u8005\uff0c\u61c9\u7d66\u4e88\u79df\u8cc3\u88dc\u8cbc\u4e4b\u512a\u60e0\uff0c\u5176\u6b32\u53d6\u5f97\u79df\u8cc3\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e4b\u8acb\u8cfc\u6b0a\uff08\u8cfc\u56de\u6216\u53d6\u5f97\uff09\uff0c\u623f\u6771\u4e0d\u5f97\u62d2\u7d55\u3002\u5176\u623f\u50f9\u7531\u8a55\u8b70\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8a02\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u79c1\u4eba\u5b85\u5730\u514d\u65bc\u58df\u65b7\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u5efa\u65bc\u516c\u79c1\u5718\u9ad4\u7d44\u7e54\u4e4b\u516c\u6709\u5730\u6216\u5171\u6709\u5730\u8005\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8cfc\u5730\u8acb\u6c42\u6b0a\uff0c\u5730\u4e3b\u4e0d\u5f97\u62d2\u7d55\u3002\u5176\u571f\u5730\u50f9\u683c\u7531\u8a55\u8b70\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8a02\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u8fb2\u6c11\u6240\u9700\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u7acb\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u8fb2\u5834\u4e3b\u4eba\u70ba\u5176\u4f43\u8fb2\u53ca\u5de5\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u885b\u751f\u800c\u8212\u9069\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4e26\u61c9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u7a2e\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u4f7f\u5c0f\u8fb2\u5834\u4e3b\u4eba\u4ea6\u80fd\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u623f\u820d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u52de\u5de5\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u7acb\u6cd5\u63a8\u52d5\u4f01\u696d\u6216\u96c7\u4e3b\u4f9d\u64da\u5176\u96c7\u7528\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u4eba\u6578\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u898f\u5b9a\u5176\u8ca0\u6709\u7fa9\u52d9\u63d0\u4f9b\u52de\u5de5\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u5c6c\u5f97\u9ad4\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4e26\u6ce8\u610f\u885b\u751f\u689d\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5145\u5be6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u9054\u5230\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u6bcf\u5e74\u61c9\u5c31\u8ca1\u7522\u7a05\u8ce6\u4e2d\u63d0\u64a5\u56fa\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4f5c\u70ba\u8fa6\u7406\u4f4f\u5b85\u798f\u5229\u4e4b\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u4e26\u61c9\u6d3e\u54e1\u8996\u5bdf\u5404\u8a72\u6a5f\u69cb\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4e26\u4f9d\u4e00\u822c\u885b\u751f\u898f\u5283\u767c\u5e03\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u623f\u5c4b\u5efa\u7bc9(\u8a3b51)\u4e43\u8207\u5168\u793e\u6703\u5229\u76ca\u6538\u95dc\u7684\u751f\u7522\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u9ede\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u90fd\u6703\u5340\u57df\u8a08\u756b\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u63a1\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6839\u64da\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u79c1\u71df\u7d93\u6fdf\u90e8\u9580\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u8cc7\u71df\u5efa\u4f4f\u5b85\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u5730\u63a8\u884c\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f9b\u7d66\u8a08\u5283\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u914d\u570b\u5bb6\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u9762\u7a4d\u8981\u516c\u5e73\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583843\"><\/a>\u4fc3\u9032\u8001\u820a\u4f4f\u5b85\u66f4\u65b0\u8207\u62c6\u9664<\/h3>\n<p>\u57ce\u5e02\u6216\u8fb2\u6751\u7684\u8ca7\u6c11\u4e0d\u5f97\u88ab\u8feb\u9077\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e0d\u5f97\u88ab\u62c6\u6bc0\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u7167\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e26\u6309\u5408\u7406\u548c\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5be6\u884c\u62c6\u9664\u8005\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u57ce\u9109\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u5b89\u7f6e\uff0c\u65e2\u61c9\u540c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5145\u5206\u5354\u5546\uff0c\u53c8\u9808\u540c\u5b89\u7f6e\u5730\u5340\u5145\u5206\u5354\u5546\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9055\u7ae0\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e4b\u4f7f\u7528\u65e2\u5df2\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u5c0d\u73fe\u884c\u6cd5\u898f\u6709\u95dc\u5efa\u853d\u7387\u3001\u5bb9\u7a4d\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u8a2d\u65bd\u670d\u52d9\u80fd\u91cf\u5747\u5c6c\u7121\u4f9b\u61c9\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u865e\u3002\u986f\u793a\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4e4b\u904e\u82db\u8207\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u4e4b\u4fb7\u9650\u3002\u6545\u61c9\u5b9a\u671f\u91dd\u5c0d\u9055\u7ae0\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b89\u5168\u6aa2\u67e5\u7121\u865e\u8005\u4e88\u4ee5\u5927\u8d66\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u91cd\u5efa\u3002\u60df\u61c9\u4ee5\u653e\u5bec\u5bb9\u7a4d\u4e26\u4f9d\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u4e4b\u4eba\u53e3\u5bb9\u91cf\u52a0\u5f37\u516c\u5171\u8a2d\u5099\u53ca\u516c\u5171<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u8a2d\u4e4b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6539\u5efa\u8cb8\u6b3e\u4e4b\u512a\u60e0\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u6c11\u773e\u6539\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u672a\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u7a7a\u5730\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u512a\u5148\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u50f9\u683c\u50f9\u8cfc\u4f5c\u70ba\u7da0\u5730\u7b49\u90fd\u5e02\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4ee5\u9593\u63a5\u964d\u4f4e\u90fd\u5e02\u5c45\u4f4f\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u516c\u5171\u8a2d\u65bd\u4e4b\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u6e96\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df2\u5ee2\u68c4\u4e0d\u7528\u800c\u5b89\u5168\u7d50\u69cb\u582a\u616e\u4e4b\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u70ba\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u4e0d\u56e0\u5176\u5c6c\u79c1\u4eba\u8ca1\u7522\u81ea\u53ef\u62c6\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583844\"><\/a>\u77ef\u6b63\u91cd\u5bcc\u8f15\u8ca7\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u653f\u7b56<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u53ca\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\uff0c\u800c\u8cc7\u7522\u6613\u65bc\u53d6\u5f97\u878d\u8cc7\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u7528\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e0d\u61c9\u6210\u70ba\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u7acb\u6cd5\u77ef\u6b63\u91d1\u878d\u653f\u7b56\u53ea\u6c42\u5229\u6f64\u53ca\u8cc7\u91d1\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u4e0d\u554f\u8cc7\u91d1\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u91d1\u878d\u6a5f\u69cb\u91cd\u5bcc\u8f15\u8ca7\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5728\u78ba\u4fdd\u50b5\u6b0a\u7684\u7d14\u5546\u696d\u7d93\u71df\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u8cc7\u7522\u8005\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u501f\u5230\u878d\u8cc7\u8f49\u6295\u8cc7\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u6046\u7522\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5247\u76f8\u5c0d\u544a\u8cb8\u7121\u9580\uff0c\u6216\u6a6b\u906d\u5201\u96e3\u8207\u9ad8\u5229\u8cb8\u4e4b\u525d\u524a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91d1\u878d\u6a5f\u69cb\u8fa6\u7406\u4e0d\u52d5\u7522\u878d\u8cc7\uff0c\u61c9\u5340\u9694\u4f4f\u5b85\u5e02\u5834\u70ba\u81ea\u7528\u4f4f\u5b85\u53ca\u6295\u8cc7\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u81ea\u7528\u4f4f\u5b85\u8208\u5efa\u8a08\u756b\u6240\u9700\u5efa\u7bc9\u878d\u8cc7\u53ca\u8cfc\u5c4b\u8cb8\u6b3e\u4e4b\u53d6\u5f97\uff0c\u4f7f\u63db\u5c4b\u81ea\u4f4f\u4e4b\u4f4f\u5b85\u514d\u65bc\u623f\u5c4b\u9810\u552e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u5f0a\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc128583845\"><\/a>\u5176\u4ed6<\/h3>\n<p>\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u623f\u5730\u7522\u8cb7\u8ce3\u4ea4\u6613\u8207\u79df\u8cc3\u3001\u4f4f\u5b85\u793e\u5340\u53ca\u96c6\u5408\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e4b\u4f7f\u7528\u8207\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u61c9\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u6b63\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f4f\u5b85\u6b0a\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u548c\u6539\u5584\u9019\u4e00\u4ee3\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4eba\u6027\u5c0a\u56b4\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc128583846\"><\/a>\u9678\u3001\u7d50\u8a9e<\/h1>\n<p>\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u7acb\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u53ca\u65bd\u653f\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u82e5\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u61b2\u6cd5\u4fc2\u91dd\u5c0d\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff09\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u53ca\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u516c\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u6c11\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3001\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u8caa\u5a6a\u53ca\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u6eff\u8db3\u7b49\u6709\u95dc\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u653f\u4e0a\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u7121\u6cd5\u7531\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e88\u4ee5\u6aa2\u8996\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u653f\u6559\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u793e\u6703\u88e1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u5c6c\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6559\u5c0e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff1a\u5728\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\uff1b\u4eba\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u58ae\u843d\uff0c\u5df2\u4f7f\u5f97\u652f\u914d\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u7531\u795e\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5247\u8b8a\u6210\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u5df2\u662f\u793e\u6703\u7121\u6cd5\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u8207\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1b\u5bcc\u6709\u8005\u662f\u8981\u6190\u61ab\u8207\u5e6b\u52a9\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\u5247\u8981\u52a0\u5f37\u5fcd\u8010\u76f4\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u81e8&#8230;.\u7b49\u7b49\u8ad6\u8abf(\u8a3b52)\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5c0d\u65bc\u56e0\u570b\u5bb6\u9ad4\u5236\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u4e0d\u7fa9\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u5f80\u5f80\u5145\u8033\u4e0d\u805e\u3002\u6545\u6709\u6b63\u7fa9\u611f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5bc4\u671b\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4f5c\u70ba\u623f\u5730\u7522\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u53ca\u76e3\u7763\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u77ef\u6b63\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u7121\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u793e\u6703\u98a8\u6c23\uff0c\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u4f46\u57fa\u65bc\u4eba\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff1b\u4eba\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u5747\u61c9\u5e73\u7b49\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u5236\u5ea6\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u5c07\u4f7f\u5f97\u65bd\u653f\u7121\u6cd5\u5f4c\u88dc\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8a02\u51fa\u9f13\u52f5\u570b\u6c11\u9010\u5229\u7684\u60e1\u6cd5\u9020\u6210\u793e\u6703\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u95dc\u6ce8\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u53ca\u6559\u6703\u81f3\u5c11\u61c9\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u559a\u8d77\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u53ca\u8f3f\u8ad6\u5a92\u9ad4\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u7763\u4fc3\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u5473\u8a0e\u597d\u91d1\u6b0a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u95dc\u6ce8\u4e26\u4fdd\u969c\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 1 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/23<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 2 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\/19<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 3 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u51fa\u57c3\u53ca\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\/10-11\uff0c\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/4-7<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 4 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/23<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 5 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/13\u300128\uff0c\u4e26\u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u555f\u5c0e\u672c\u300b\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/15\u4e4b\u8a3b\u91cb\uff0cP.219<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 6 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/8-17\uff0c\u4e26\u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u555f\u5c0e\u672c\u300b\u300c\u6c11\u6578\u8a18\u300d\u4e09\u516d\/10\u4e4b\u8a3b\u91cb\uff0cP.289<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 7 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/3-7<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 8 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u51fa\u57c3\u53ca\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e09\/11\u3001\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/4<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b 9 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/11-12\uff0c18-22<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b10 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/23-28<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b11 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u5341\u4e09\/11<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b12 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u5f8c\u66f8\u300d\u516b\/2<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b13 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u5f8c\u66f8\u300d\u516b\/13-15<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b14 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u5f4c\u8fe6\u66f8\u300d\u516d\/12<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b15 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316&#8212;-\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u793e\u6703\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u4e0a\u300b\uff0cP. 266\uff1b\u53ca\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u4e2d\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7fd2\u4fd7\u300b\uff0cP.57-58<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b16 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u5341\u4e00\/26<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b17 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u99ac\u514b\u601d. \u97cb\u4f2f\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u6559\u502b\u7406\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7cbe\u795e\u300b\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u5929\u8077\u89c0\u300d\u4fc2\u6307\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8981\u6c42\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8077\u696d\u4e2d\u70ba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ca\u9130\u4eba\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u6b64\u7a2e\u4ee5\u69ae\u8000\u4e0a\u5e1d\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u547c\u53ec\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u793e\u6703\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u793e\u6703\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b18 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u66f8\u300d\u5341\/24\uff0c\u5341\u4e8c\/28<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b19 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6587\u5316\u9762\u9762\u89c0\u300b\uff0cP.103-104<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b20 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u8fd1\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u601d\u6f6e\u300b\uff0cP.166-174<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b21 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316&#8212;-\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u793e\u6703\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u4e0a\u300b\uff0cP. 266\uff1b\u53ca\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u4e2d\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7fd2\u4fd7\u300b\uff0c P.57-58<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b22 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u8036\u5229\u7c73\u66f8\u300d\u4e8c\u4e8c\/3<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b23 \u540c\u8a3b13<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b24 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u6703\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u300b\uff0cP.420<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b25 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u4e8e\u723e\u6839. \u83ab\u723e\u7279\u66fc( Jurgen Moltmann 1926 )\u7684\u300a\u5e0c\u671b\u795e\u5b78\u300b\uff0c1964<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b26 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u3008\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u662f\u5927\u5730\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u8d70\u5411\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u300b\uff0cP.413-460\uff1b\u300a\u516c\u7fa9\u5275\u5efa\u672a\u4f86&#8212;\u548c\u5e73\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u9020\u7269\u502b\u7406\u300b\uff0cP.7-8<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b27 \u540c\u8a3b26<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b28 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\/6<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b29 \u300a\u4e2d\u83ef\u6c11\u570b\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u300b\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u9662\u4e3b\u8a08\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b30 \u300a\u4e2d\u83ef\u6c11\u570b\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u570b\u5bcc\u8abf\u67e5\u5831\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u9662\u4e3b\u8a08\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b31 \u300a1990\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u6236\u53e3\u53ca\u4f4f\u5b85\u666e\u67e5\u5831\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u9662\u6236\u53e3\u53ca\u4f4f\u5b85\u666e\u67e5\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b32 \u5167\u653f\u90e8\u71df\u5efa\u7f72\u59d4\u8a17\u8ca1\u653f\u90e8\u8ca1\u7a05\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u672a\u767c\u4f48\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b33 \u540c\u8a3b31<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b34 \u540c\u8a3b32<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b35 \u540c\u8a3b30<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b36 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u5229\u672a\u8a18\u300d\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\/18\uff0c\u7bb4\u8a00\u4e00\/33\uff0c\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u4e8c\u4e94\/12-13<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b37 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u5275\u4e16\u8a18\u300d\u4e00\/28<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b38 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u4e00\u4e8c\u516b\/3<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b39 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u7f85\u99ac\u66f8\u300d\u56db\/4<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b40 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u4e00\u4e8c\u516b\/2<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b41 \u82f1\u570b\u9996\u76f8\u90b1\u5409\u723e\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b42 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u4e00\u4e8c\u4e03\/3<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b43 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\/6\uff0c\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u4e00\u56db\u56db\/12<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b44 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u5341\u4e09\/11\uff0c\u5341\u56db\/23<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b45 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u5341\u56db\/31<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b46 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u6703\u6b0a\u8ad6\u300b\uff0cP.64-67<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b47 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u516c\u7fa9\u5275\u5efa\u672a\u4f86&#8212;-\u548c\u5e73\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u9020\u7269\u502b\u7406\u300b\uff0cP.11-16<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b48 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u5341\u4e8c\/11<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b49 \u53c3\u8003\uff1a\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u516b\u5341\u56db\/3<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b50 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u8a69\u7bc7\u300d\u516b\u5341\u4e8c\/4<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b51 \u51fa\u81ea\uff1a\u300c\u7bb4\u8a00\u300d\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\/3,27<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b52 \u53c3\u898b\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u6703\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u300b\uff0cP.420<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u555f\u5c0e\u672c\u300b\uff0c\u6d77\u5929\u66f8\u6a13\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u300a\u570b\u5ea6\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u53f2\u8010\u9054\u8457\uff0c\u4f55\u5049\u797a\u8b6f\uff0c\u6821\u5712\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5\u300c\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u5730\u571f\u3001\u623f\u5c4b\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u3001\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u548c\u79a7\u5e74\u300d\u4e03\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u63a2\u8a0e\u795e\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u7684\u5b50\u6c11\u5728\u4e16\u4e0a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u300a\u793e\u6703\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u300b\uff0c\u6c60\u7530\u5927\u4f5c\u8457\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1991.10.<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u300a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6587\u5316\u9762\u9762\u89c0\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u4e16\u754c\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff0c\u9f4a\u9b6f\u66f8\u793e\uff0c1991.10.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u300a\u8b93\u54f2\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u63a2\u7d22\u300b\uff0c\u6587\u601d\u6167\u8457\uff0c(\u9999\u6e2f)\u9752\u6587\u66f8\u5c4b\uff0c1990.6.<\/p>\n<p>\u516d\u3001\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u4eba\u6b0a\u7d04\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u8463\u4e91\u864e\u3001\u5289\u6b66\u840d\u4e3b\u7de8\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994.3.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e03\u3001\u300a\u8d70\u5411\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u300b\uff0c\u5289\u5c0f\u6953\u8457\uff0c(\u4e0a\u6d77)\u4e09\u806f\u66f8\u5e97\uff0c1994.3.<\/p>\n<p>\u516b\u3001\u300a\u516c\u7fa9\u5275\u5efa\u672a\u4f86&#8212;-\u548c\u5e73\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u9020\u7269\u502b\u7406\u300b\uff0c\u83ab\u723e\u7279\u66fc\u8457\uff0c\u9127\u8087\u660e\u8b6f\uff0c\u57fa\u9053\u66f8\u6a13\uff0c1992.5.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5d\u3001\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u4e2d\u7684\u7aae\u4eba\u300b\uff0c\u963f\u57f9\u7279. \u5091\u9748\u8457\uff0c\u80e1\u5b89\u5fb7\u8b6f\uff0c\u601d\u9ad8\u8056\u7d93\u5b78\u6703\uff0c1988.8.<\/p>\n<p>\u5341\u3001\u300a\u793e\u6703\u6b0a\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u8a31\u6176\u96c4\u8457\uff0c\u773e\u6587\u5716\u66f8\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1992.5.<\/p>\n<p>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u300a\u5c0b\u6c42\u89e3\u653e\u7121\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u4f4f\u5c4b\u6b0a\u4e4b\u5be6\u8e10&#8212;-\u4f4f\u5b85\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u8ad6\u53e2\u300b\uff0c\u856d\u5bb6\u8208\u8457\uff0c\u6c38\u671b\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u696d\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1994.4.<\/p>\n<p>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u300a\u5230\u6709\u6bbc\u4e4b\u8def&#8211;\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u4f4f\u5c4b\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6279\u5224\u8207\u4e3b\u5f35\u300b\uff0c\u6797\u6587\u90ce\u4e3b\u6301\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u53e2\u66f8\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1989.10.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5efa\u69cb\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u623f\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u8a00 \u856d\u5bb6\u8208 \u5167\u653f\u90e8\u71df\u5efa\u7f72\u570b\u6c11\u4f4f\u5b85\u7d44 \u7d44\u9577 \uff08\u539f\u8f09\u65bc1995.4.\u6821\u5712\u96dc\u8a8c\uff0c\u6536\u9304\u65bc\uff1a\u856d\u5bb6\u8208\u8457\uff0c\u300a\u5b89\u5f97\u5ee3\u5ec8\u5e87\u5bd2\u58eb\u300b\uff0c\u5510\u5c71\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1997\uff09 \u58f9\u3001\u524d\u8a00 \u56de\u9867\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u4eba\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u8056\u7d93\u6559\u8a13\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u5931\u6557\u7684( \u8a73\u898b\u300c\u53e4\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u4eba\u623f\u5730\u7522\u7684 [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-13","category-38"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2413"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2417,"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2413\/revisions\/2417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jubilee.economic-ethics.org\/ourjubilee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}